1.29 The Madness Years 029《三体Ⅰ:01 疯狂年代》

英文句子精读与翻译

深度解析句子结构,提升阅读翻译能力

📝 原文句子

They began to really believe that they were guilty, to see how they had harmed the great cause of the revolution. They cried, and their repentance was far deeper and more sincere than that of those Monsters and Demons who were not intellectuals.

🔊 句子朗读

🔤 生词表

单词 音标 词性 释义
guilty/ˈɡɪlti/adj.有罪的;内疚的
harm/hɑːm/v.危害;损害
the great cause/ðə ɡreɪt kɔːz/n.伟大事业(特指革命)
repentance/rɪˈpentəns/n.悔悟;忏悔
deep/diːp/adj.深的;深刻的
sincere/sɪnˈsɪə(r)/adj.真诚的;诚挚的
Monsters and Demons/ˈmɒnstəz ənd ˈdiːmənz/n.“牛鬼蛇神”(文革术语)
intellectual/ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl/n.知识分子
really believe/ˈriːəli bɪˈliːv/v. phr.真诚地相信;确实相信
far deeper/fɑː ˈdiːpə(r)/adj. comp.远为深刻的

🎵 音标与朗读建议

全句音标:

/ðeɪ bɪˈɡæn tə ˈriːəli bɪˈliːv ðæt ðeɪ wɜː ˈɡɪlti, tə siː haʊ ðeɪ hæd hɑːmd ðə ɡreɪt kɔːz əv ðə ˌrevəˈluːʃn. ðeɪ kraɪd, ənd ðeə rɪˈpentəns wɒz fɑː ˈdiːpə ənd mɔː sɪnˈsɪə ðæn ðæt əv ðəʊz ˈmɒnstəz ənd ˈdiːmənz huː wɜː nɒt ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəlz/

  • 注意“really believe” 中 /ˈriːəli/ 可连读为 /ˈriːjəli/,避免插入多余 /w/。
  • “great cause of the revolution” 中 cause 与 of 可连读 /kɔːzəv/,保持流畅。
  • “far deeper and more sincere” 两处比较级重音落在 /diːpə/ 与 /sɪnˈsɪə/,语调上扬再下降。
  • “Monsters and Demons” 两词均需重读,体现术语感。
  • 朗读时前半句用沉痛语气,在 cried 处稍作停顿,后半句对比加快,突出“更深更真”。

🔍 句子结构拆解与讲解

第一句:They began to really believe that they were guilty, to see how they had harmed the great cause of the revolution.

  • 主语:They(指“知识分子”)
  • 谓语:began to really believe...to see...(“开始真正相信……开始明白……”)
  • 宾语从句1:that they were guilty(“他们是有罪的”)
  • 宾语从句2:how they had harmed the great cause of the revolution(“自己如何危害了革命伟大事业”)

“began to + 动词” 表示心理过程的起点;really 前置强调“由衷”相信,体现自我洗脑的深度。how 引导的宾语从句用疑问副词,把“危害方式”具体化,增强忏悔的细腻度。

第二句:They cried, and their repentance was far deeper and more sincere than that of those Monsters and Demons who were not intellectuals.

  • 分句1:They cried(“他们哭了”)
  • 分句2:their repentance was far deeper and more sincere...(“他们的悔悟远为深刻与真诚”)
  • 比较对象:than that of those Monsters and Demons...(“比那些非知识分子的牛鬼蛇神”)
  • 定语从句:who were not intellectuals(“不是知识分子的”)

“far + 比较级” 加强程度;that 替代不可数名词 repentance,避免重复。引号外的 Monsters and Demons 为文革术语,加引号示贬义,与 intellectuals 形成身份对立,突出“知识分子忏悔更真诚”的反讽。

修辞与情感:

  • 递进结构:believe → see → cried → repentance,完成“认知—情感—行动”的忏悔链。
  • 对比反讽:知识分子 vs 牛鬼蛇神,前者“更真诚”反而更显荒诞,批判力度更强。
  • 程度副词:really / far deeper / more sincere 层层升级,制造情感高潮。

📖 参考翻译

中文原文:

他们真的相信自己有罪,真的看到了自己对伟大事业构成的损害,并为此痛哭流涕,他们的忏悔往往比那些非知识分子的牛鬼蛇神要深刻得多,也真诚得多。

英文直译:

他们开始真正相信自己有罪,看到自己是如何损害了伟大的革命事业。他们哭了,他们的忏悔比那些不是知识分子的妖魔鬼怪要深刻和真诚得多。

💡 拓展学习

1. “began to + 动词” 可升级为 “started to / commenced to”,但 began 最自然;really 置于 to 前强调“由衷”,位置不可后移。
2. “the great cause of the revolution” 为文革高频套语,英文保留定冠词 the,示特指,写作中可替换为 the great undertaking / the noble mission。
3. “far + 比较级” 结构可替换为 way / much / significantly + 比较级,口语中 way 更常见,书面语推荐 far。
4. “that of those Monsters...” 中 that 替代不可数名词 repentance,同类用法:that of the previous generation / that of ordinary people。
5. 身份标签对比:intellectuals vs Monsters and Demons,可整理文革英文词汇表:reactionaries / bourgeois elements / capitalist roaders 等。
6. 背景知识:1969 年“清理阶级队伍”后期,北京高校出现“知识分子痛哭请罪”现象,本句为真实写照。
7. 写作仿用:描写“自我否定”可用 “They began to genuinely believe that they were the root of all evil, their remorse far more acute than that of the bystanders who had merely been swept along.”
8. 口语拓展:用 “way more sincere” 替代 far more sincere,可提高口语地道度,但正式文本仍推荐 far。



1.29 The Madness Years 029《三体Ⅰ:01 疯狂年代》
https://ds-data-storage.github.io/2025/10/07/THE_THREE-BODY_PROBLEM_01_The_Madness_Years_029/
Author
Data Storage
Posted on
October 7, 2025
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